第十三章

作者:(战国)庄周 | 字数:22314
  35拉真德拉尔·密特拉

  RajendrahalMitra

  就在这时候,我哥哥乔提任德拉想把一切有名的文人拉在一起,成立一个文学院,来编篡孟加拉语言的有权威性的技术名词,促进语言的生长也是它的目的——这样,和近代的文学院所做的工作就只有很少的差别了。拉真德拉尔·密特拉博士热诚地接受了关于这个学院的意见,他还做了这个历史短暂的学院的院长。当我去请微德雅萨迦先生来参加的时候,他听我解释了这学院的目的,和准备邀请的名单以后,说:“我对你的劝告是,不要把我们放进去——你们和这些大头在一起什么事也做不成!他们永远不会彼此同意的。”他就以这理由来拒绝加人。班吉姆先生作了会员,但是我不能说他对这工作有多大的兴趣。简单地说,这学院存在一天,拉真德拉尔·密特拉独力担当了一切。他从地理名词开始,稿单是拉真德拉尔博士自己编出来的,又印出在会员中传阅征求意见。我们也想把每一个外国国名,按照它的发音,把它翻成孟加拉文。微德雅萨迦先生的预言应验了。叫大头们去办事是做不到的。这学院在萌芽以后不久就枯萎了。但是拉真德拉尔·密特拉是一个全面的专家,他本人就是一个学院。因为有了亲炙他的权利,我在这件事上的劳动得到了过分的报酬。我会见过许多当代的孟加拉文人,但是没有人留下过像他这样光辉的印象。

  ItwasaboutthistimethatmybrotherJyotirindrahadtheideaoffoundingaLiteraryAcademybybringingtogetherallthemenoflettersofrepute.TocompileauthoritativetechnicaltermsfortheBengalilanguageandinotherwaystoassistinitsgrowthwastobeitsobject--thereindifferingbutlittlefromthelinesonwhichthemodernSahityaParishat,AcademyofLiterature,hastakenshape.Dr.RajendrahalMitratookuptheideaofthisAcademywithenthusiasm,andhewaseventuallyitspresidentfortheshorttimeitlasted.WhenIwenttoinvitePanditVidyasagartojoinit,hegaveahearingtomyexplanationofitsobjectsandthenamesoftheproposedmembers,thensaid:"Myadvicetoyouistoleaveusout--youwillneveraccomplishanythingwithbigwigs;theycanneverbegottoagreewithoneanother."Withwhichherefusedtocomein.BankimBabubecameamember,butIcannotsaythathetookmuchinterestinthework.Tobeplain,solongasthisacademylivedRajendrahalMitradideverythingsingle-handed.HebeganwithGeographicalterms.ThedraftlistwasmadeoutbyDr.Rajendrahalhimselfandwasprintedandcirculatedforthesuggestionsofthemembers.WehadalsoanideaoftransliteratinginBengalithenameofeachforeigncountryaspronouncedbyitself.PanditVidyasagar’sprophecywasfulfilled.Itdidnotprovepossibletogetthebigwigstodoanything.Andtheacademywitheredawayshortlyaftersprouting.ButRajendrahalMitrawasanall-roundexpertandwasanacademyinhimself.Mylaboursinthiscauseweremorethanrepaidbytheprivilegeofhisacquaintance.IhavemetmanyBengalimenoflettersinmytimebutnonewholefttheimpressionofsuchbrilliance.

  我常到他的玛尼克塔拉街监狱法庭的办公室去看他。我总是早晨去,看见他正忙着研究,因为青年人没有顾虑,我总是毫不犹疑地去打搅他。但是我从来没有看到他为此而稍为生气。他一看见我就立刻把工作放在一边,开始和我谈话。大家都知道他有点重听,因此他很少有让我发问的机会。他总提出一些广泛的题目滔滔不绝地谈着,就是这种谈话的魅力把我引到他那里去。跟任何人谈话也得不到这样丰富的、在许多不同的题目上可供参考的意见。我总是入迷地听着。

  IusedtogoandseehimintheofficeoftheCourtofWardsinManiktala.Iwouldgointhemorningsandalwaysfindhimbusywithhisstudies,andwiththeinconsideratenessofyouth,Ifeltnohesitationindisturbinghim.ButIhaveneverseenhimtheleastbitputoutonthataccount.Assoonashesawmehewouldputasidehisworkandbegintotalktome.Itisamatterofcommonknowledgethathewassomewhathardofhearing,sohehardlyevergavemeoccasiontoputhimanyquestion.Hewouldtakeupsomebroadsubjectandtalkawayuponit,anditwastheattractionofthesediscourseswhichdrewmethere.Conversewithnootherpersonevergavemesuchawealthofsuggestiveideasonsomanydifferentsubjects.Iwouldlistenenraptured.

  我记得他是教科书委员会的委员,每一本送来审查的书他都读过,用铅笔作了注解。有的时候他就挑出一本书来,作为特别的讨论孟加拉语言结构,或是普通讨论语言的文件,这对我有最大的好处。很少的题目是他所没有研究过的,他所研究过的题目,他都能清楚地说明。如果我们没有依靠那些我们想找的其他的学院会员,而把一切工作都交给拉真德拉尔博士的话,现在的文学院一定会发现,它现在所忙着的一切工作,还不如他一个人所做的那么多。

  Ithinkhewasamemberofthetext-bookcommitteeandeverybookhereceivedforapproval,hereadthroughandannotatedinpencil.OnsomeoccasionshewouldselectoneofthesebooksforthetextofdiscoursesontheconstructionoftheBengalilanguageinparticularorPhilologyingeneral,whichwereofthegreatestbenefittome.Therewerefewsubjectswhichhehadnotstudiedandanythinghehadstudiedhecouldclearlyexpound.IfwehadnotreliedontheothermembersoftheAcademywehadtriedtofound,butlefteverythingtoDr.Rajendrahal,thepresent_SahityaParishat_wouldhavedoubtlessfoundthemattersitisnowoccupiedwithleftinamuchmoreadvancedstatebythatonemanalone.

  拉真德拉尔·密特拉博士不但是一位渊博的学者,他还有一个鲜明的性格,从他焕发的容光里透露了出来。在公共生活上他是充满了火力。他也能和蔼地和缓下来对我这么一个年轻人谈着最艰深的题目,而没有一点傲慢的口气。我甚至于充分利用他的谦逊,从他那里为《婆罗蒂》拿到一篇稿子《阎王的狗》,对于别位和他同时的大人物,我就不敢冒昧去祈求,就是我去了,我也得不到和他一样的反应。但是当他在出征的路上,他的市政公会或是大学评议会上的敌人,是怕他怕得要命的。在那些日子,克利斯图·达斯·帕尔是圆滑的政治家,而拉真德拉尔·密特拉是勇敢的战土。为亚洲学会的书刊和研究的目的,他必须雇用一些梵文先生来替他做一些机械的工作。我记得这件事给那些妒忌他的人和小心眼的诽谤者一个机会,说这些工作都是梵文先生做的,而拉真德拉尔欺诈地窃取了一切荣誉。其至在今天,我们还常发现这些工具将成就的一大部分攫为已有,而把使用工具的人,看做一个只当装饰品的傀儡。如果一管可怜的笔是有心的话,它一定会悲叹不平,因为它弄得一身墨污,而作者得到了一切光荣!奇怪的是,这位杰出的人物,竟然直到死后也没有得到他的国人的赏识。理由之一,也许是因为全国都在追悼死在他后面不久的微德雅萨迦,没有心思再去注意其他逝者。还有一个理由是,他的主要贡献是在孟加拉文学的范围之外,他没能进入人民的心中。

  Dr.RajendrahalMitrawasnotonlyaprofoundscholar,buthehadlikewiseastrikingpersonalitywhichshonethroughhisfeatures.Fulloffireashewasinhispubliclife,hecouldalsounbendgraciouslysoastotalkonthemostdifficultsubjectstoastriplinglikemyselfwithoutanytraceofapatronisingtone.Ieventookadvantageofhiscondescensiontotheextentofgettingacontribution,Yama’sDog,fromhimfortheBharabi.TherewereothergreatcontemporariesofhiswithwhomIwouldnothaveventuredtotakesuchliberties,norwouldIhavemetwiththelikeresponseifIhad.AndyetwhenhewasonthewarpathhisopponentsontheMunicipalCorporationortheSenateoftheUniversityweremortallyafraidofhim.InthosedaysKristoDasPalwasthetactfulpolitician,andRajendrahalMitrathevaliantfighter.ForthepurposesoftheAsiaticSociety’spublicationsandresearches,hehadtoemployanumberofSanscritPanditstodothemechanicalworkforhim.Irememberhowthisgavecertainenviousandmean-mindeddetractorstheopportunityofsayingthateverythingwasreallydonebythesePanditswhileRajendrahalfraudulentlyappropriatedallthecredit.Evento-dayweveryoftenfindthetoolsarrogatingtothemselvesthelion’sshareoftheachievement,imaginingthewieldertobeamereornamentalfigurehead.Ifthepoorpenhadaminditwouldascertainlyhavebemoanedtheunfairnessofitsgettingallthestainandthewriteralltheglory!Itiscuriousthatthisextraordinarymanshouldhavegotnorecognitionfromhiscountrymenevenafterhisdeath.OneofthereasonsmaybethatthenationalmourningforVidyasagar,whosedeathfollowedshortlyafter,leftnoroomforarecognitionoftheotherbereavement.AnotherreasonmaybethathismaincontributionsbeingoutsidethepaleofBengaliliterature,hehadbeenunabletoreachtheheartofthepeople.

  36卡尔瓦尔

  Karwar

  我们的苏达街的集会,以后就自动地迁到西海岸的卡尔瓦尔去。卡尔瓦尔是卡纳拉区的首府,在孟买省的南部。它是梵文文学里的马来亚山的地域,产小豆蔻蔓和檀香树。我的二哥那时候在那里做法官。

  OurSudderStreetpartynexttransferreditselftoKarwarontheWestSeacoast.KarwaristheheadquartersoftheKanaradistrictintheSouthernportionoftheBombayPresidency.ItisthetractoftheMalayaHillsofSanskritliteraturewheregrowthecardamumcreeperandtheSandalTree.MysecondbrotherwasthenJudgethere.

  这个群山环绕的小海港,偏僻到没有一点海口的意味。它的新月形的海岸对无边的大海伸开双臂,像一个渴望者的形象,竭力想把无限拥抱起来。这片广大的沙岸,边上镶着一线木麻黄树林的花边,沙岸的一端被卡拉纳迪河所冲断,这条河经过两旁排列的重山的峡谷,从这里流入大海。我记得,在一个月夜,我们在一只小船内溯河而上。我们在希瓦吉[希瓦吉(1630—1680),马拉塔联邦的盟主,曾统治印度西海岸全部马拉塔地带。

  ]的一处古山堡下停住,上了岸,走进一个农家的打扫得极其清洁的院子里。月光闪烁在外面的围墙顶上,我们坐在那里把带来的东西吃光了。回来的时候,我们让小舟顺流而下。夜色笼罩着凝立的群山和树林,在这条小卡拉纳迪河静静的流水上,洒满了月光的魅力。我们花了很长的时间才到达河口,因此,我们不从海上回去,下得船来从沙岸上步行回家。这时夜已深了,海不扬波,连那木麻黄树的永远哀愁的微语也静下去了。树影不动地挂在广漠的沙岸边上,地平线上一圈灰蓝的山在天空下恬静地睡着。穿过这无边灿白的深沉的寂静,我们几个人一语不发地和自己的影子一同走着。我们到家的时候,我的睡眠消失在更深的境界之中。我在这夜写的那首诗,就是和那遥远的海岸的夜晚纠结在一起的。若是把和它缠绕在[以下由冯金辛补译。

  ]一起的记忆分开,我不知道它将如何感染读者。这一疑问使我没有将它收在莫希塔先生出版的我的诗集里。我相信,它在我的回忆录里出现,不会被认为是不妥的。

  Thelittleharbour,ringedroundwithhills,issosecludedthatithasnothingoftheaspectofaportaboutit.Itscrescentshapedbeachthrowsoutitsarmstotheshorelessopensealiketheveryimageofaneagerstrivingtoembracetheinfinite.Theedgeofthebroadsandybeachisfringedwithaforestofcasuarinas,brokenatoneendbytheKalanadiriverwhichhereflowsintotheseaafterpassingthroughagorgeflankedbyrowsofhillsoneitherside.Irememberhowonemoonliteveningwewentupthisriverinalittleboat.WestoppedatoneofShivaji’soldhillforts,andsteppingashorefoundourwayintotheclean-sweptlittleyardofapeasant’shome.Wesatonaspotwherethemoonbeamsfellglancingoffthetopoftheouterenclosure,andtheredinedofftheeatableswehadbroughtwithus.Onourwaybackwelettheboatglidedowntheriver.Thenightbroodedoverthemotionlesshillsandforests,andonthesilentflowingstreamofthislittleKalanadi,throwingoverallitsmoonlightspell.Ittookusagoodlongtimetoreachthemouthoftheriver,so,insteadofreturningbysea,wegotofftheboatthereandwalkedbackhomeoverthesandsofthebeach.Itwasthenfarintothenight,theseawaswithoutaripple,eventheever-troubledmurmurofthecasuarinaswasatrest.Theshadowofthefringeoftreesalongthevastexpanseofsandhungmotionlessalongitsborder,andtheringofblue-greyhillsaroundthehorizonsleptcalmlybeneaththesky.Throughthedeepsilenceofthisillimitablewhitenesswefewhumancreatureswalkedalongwithourshadows,withoutaword.Whenwereachedhomemysleephadlostitselfinsomethingstilldeeper.ThepoemwhichIthenwroteisinextricablymingledwiththatnightonthedistantseashore.Idonotknowhowitwillappealtothereaderapartfromthememorieswithwhichitisentwined.ThisdoubtledtoitsbeingleftoutofMohitaBabu’seditionofmyworks.Itrustthataplacegiventoitamongmyreminiscencesmaynotbedeemedunfitting.

  让我下沉下沉,把自己消失在午夜的深处。

  让大地放开我,让它从它的尘土的障碍中将我释放。

  哦星星,请你们远远地看着我,虽然你们陶醉在月光中,

  让地平线在我四围张着翅膀,静静的。

  不要有歌声、语声、音响、触摸;不要睡眠,也不要苏醒,只有月光,出神似的,照着天空,照着我。

  世界,我觉得,像一只载着无数香客的船,消失在遥远的蓝天里,它的水手的歌声在空中越来越弱,这时,我自己逐渐缩小,小到一个圆点,沉到无尽的夜的怀里。

  Letmesinkdown,losingmyselfinthedepthsofmidnight.

  LettheEarthleaveherholdofme,letherfreemefromherobstacleofdust.

  Keepyourwatchfromafar,Ostars,drunkthoughyoubewithmoonlight,

  Andletthehorizonholditswingsstillaroundme.

  Lettherebenosong,noword,nosound,notouch;norsleep,norawakening,--Butonlythemoonlightlikeaswoonofecstasyovertheskyandmybeing.

  Theworldseemstomelikeashipwithitscountlesspilgrims,Vanishinginthefar-awayblueofthesky,Itssailors’songbecomingfainterandfainterintheair,WhileIsinkinthebosomoftheendlessnight,fadingawayfrommyself,dwindlingintoapoint.

  有必要在这儿说明,仅仅因为在感情满溢时写了点什么,它不一定非好不可。毋宁说,那时吐露的是充沛的感情。作家完全摆脱自己所表达的感情是不可能的,同样,诗人与自己表达的感情过分密切,也不可能产生最真实的诗。回忆是能最好地涂抹出真实的诗歌色彩的画笔。亲近对感情有过分强迫的味道,而想象除非能摆脱它的影响,不可能有充分的自由。不仅诗是这样,一切艺术无不如此,艺术家的心灵必须有某种程度的超脱,我们必须容许人的内心的“创造者”能完全自我控制。如果题材压倒了创造,结果无非是事件的复制,不是艺术家的心灵对它的反映。

  Itisnecessarytoremarkherethatmerelybecausesomethinghasbeenwrittenwhenfeelingsarebrimmingover,itisnotthereforenecessarilygood.Suchisratheratimewhentheutteranceisthickwithemotion.Justasitdoesnotdotohavethewriterentirelyremovedfromthefeelingtowhichheisgivingexpression,soalsoitdoesnotconducetothetruestpoetrytohavehimtooclosetoit.Memoryisthebrushwhichcanbestlayonthetruepoeticcolour.Nearnesshastoomuchofthecompellingaboutitandtheimaginationisnotsufficientlyfreeunlessitcangetawayfromitsinfluence.Notonlyinpoetry,butinallart,themindoftheartistmustattainacertaindegreeofaloofness--the"creator"withinmanmustbeallowedthesolecontrol.Ifthesubjectmattergetsthebetterofthecreation,theresultisamerereplicaoftheevent,notareflectionofitthroughtheArtist’smind.

  37《自然的报复》

  Nature’sRevenge

  我在卡尔瓦尔写了《自然的报复》,这是一出歌剧。主角是一个修道士,他力争以割断一切欲与爱的桎梏而战胜“本性”,从而达到真正的深彻的白知。但一个小姑娘把他同无限的交往中召回尘世,让他落入人类爱的枷锁。修道士回来后认识到伟大存在于渺小之中,无限在有形的界限内,而灵魂的永久自由则寓于爱之中。只是在爱之光中,一切有限才溶入无限。卡尔瓦尔的海滩无疑是能使我们了解自然美并非幻想的海市蜃楼而是反映无限之欢乐的合适场所,因而能引我们入迷。在宇宙于它的定律的魅力中表示自己的地方,我们若对它的无限有所忽略,那是并不奇怪的;但人的心在最不足道的事物的美中同广大无垠直接接触的处所,难道还有争论的余地?本性通过心之路把修道士引到在有限上加冕的无限面前。在《自然的报复》中,一边是满足于自制的平庸事物此外一无所知的游子和村民,另一边是忙于丢弃一切和自己到他在想象中虚构的无限里去的修道士。当爱在这两者中间架起一座飞桥时,隐士与家长相遇,有限的表面上的平庸与无限的看似空虚同时消失了。

  HereinKarwarIwrotethePrakritirPratishodha(Nature’sRevenge),adramaticpoem.TheherowasaSanyasi(hermit)whohadbeenstrivingtogainavictoryover"Nature"bycuttingawaythebondsofalldesiresandaffectionsandthustoarriveatatrueandprofoundknowledgeofself.Alittlegirl,however,broughthimbackfromhiscommunionwiththeinfinitetotheworldandintothebondageofhumanaffection.OnsocomingbacktheSanyasirealisedthatthegreatistobefoundinthesmall,theinfinitewithintheboundsofform,andtheeternalfreedomofthesoulinlove.Itisonlyinthelightoflovethatalllimitsaremergedinthelimitless.TheseabeachofKarwariscertainlyafitplaceinwhichtorealisethatthebeautyofNatureisnotamirageoftheimagination,butreflectsthejoyoftheInfiniteandthusdrawsustoloseourselvesinit.Wheretheuniverseisexpressingitselfinthemagicofitslawsitmaynotbestrangeifwemissitsinfinitude;butwheretheheartgetsintoimmediatetouchwithimmensityinthebeautyofthemeanestofthings,isanyroomleftforargument?NaturetooktheSanyasitothepresenceoftheInfinite,enthronedonthefinite,bythepathwayoftheheart.IntheNature’sRevengetherewereshownontheonesidethewayfarersandthevillagers,contentwiththeirhome-madetrivialityandunconsciousofanythingbeyond;andontheothertheSanyasibusycastingawayhisall,andhimself,intotheself-evolvedinfiniteofhisimagination.Whenlovebridgedthegulfbetweenthetwo,andthehermitandthehouseholdermet,theseemingtrivialityofthefiniteandtheseemingemptinessoftheinfinitealikedisappeared.

  除了形式稍稍不同外,这是我自身经历的故事,也是迷人的光的故事,这光射进我遁世隐退的深穴。使我更圆满地重与本性一体。《自然的报复》可以看做我以后的全部文学作品的序曲,或者更确切地说,这是我所有作品都详述的一个主题——在有限之内获得无限的喜悦。

  Thiswastoputinaslightlydifferentformthestoryofmyownexperience,oftheentrancingrayoflightwhichfounditswayintothedepthsofthecaveintowhichIhadretiredawayfromalltouchwiththeouterworld,andmadememorefullyonewithNatureagain.ThisNature’sRevengemaybelookeduponasanintroductiontothewholeofmyfutureliterarywork;or,ratherthishasbeenthesubjectonwhichallmywritingshavedwelt--thejoyofattainingtheInfinitewithinthefinite.

  从卡尔瓦尔回来时,我在船上为《自然的报复》写了几首歌。我坐在船面上唱着写着第一首歌时,心里充满了极大的喜悦:

  大妈,把你的宝宝[指印度教大神毗湿奴化身的克里希纳。

  ]交给我们吧,

  我们要带他到牧场上去。

  OnourwaybackfromKarwarIwrotesomesongsfortheNature’sRevengeonboardship.ThefirstonefilledmewithagreatgladnessasIsang,andwroteitsittingonthedeck:

  Mother,leaveyourdarlingboytous,

  Andletustakehimtothefieldwherewegrazeourcattle.

  太阳升起了,花蕾开放了,牧童们前往牧场,他们不会有阳光、鲜花,他们在牧场上的游戏也将索然无味。在这一切之中,他们要他们的克里希纳和他们在一起。他们要看见大神细心打扮的可爱的形象;他们这样一早出来,就是为了要在森林、田野、山峦、溪谷中,和他一起快乐地游戏,而不是远远地景仰他,也不是要看他庄严的法相。他们的装备非常非常少。一件朴素的黄衫,一个野花扎成的花环,就是他们所要的全部装饰。因为欢乐全部统治的地方,拼命地,或在铺张的仪式下寻求它,都意味着失去它。

  Thesunhasrisen,thebudshaveopened,thecowherdboysaregoingtothepasture;andtheywouldnothavethesunlight,theflowers,andtheirplayinthegrazinggroundsempty.TheywanttheirShyam(Krishna)tobewiththemthere,inthemidstofallthese.TheywanttoseetheInfiniteinallitscarefullyadornedloveliness;theyhaveturnedoutsoearlybecausetheywanttojoininitsgladsomeplay,inthemidstofthesewoodsandfieldsandhillsanddales--nottoadmirefromadistance,norinthemajestyofpower.Theirequipmentisoftheslightest.Asimpleyellowgarmentandagarlandofwild-flowersarealltheornamentstheyrequire.Forwherejoyreignsoneveryside,tohuntforitarduously,oramidstpompandcircumstances,istoloseit.

  我从卡尔瓦尔回来不久,就结婚了。那时我二十二岁。

  ShortlyaftermyreturnfromKarwar,Iwasmarried.Iwasthen22yearsofage.

  38《画与歌》

  PicturesandSongs

  《画与歌》是一本诗集的名字,其中大部分的诗都是这段时期写的。

  ChhabioGan(PictureandSongs),wasthetitleofabookofpoemsmostofwhichwerewrittenatthistime.

  那时我们住在下环路一栋有花园的房子里。南连一个大布斯蒂[仆人、工匠等的居住区。区内简陋的小屋鳞次栉比,有小径通马路。

  ]。我常坐在窗子附近观望这个人口稠密的居留地。我喜欢看他们如何工作、游戏、休息以及他们种种尴尬的情况。对我来说,这一切就像一篇生动的故事。

  WewerethenlivinginahousewithagardeninLowerCircularRoad.AdjoiningitonthesouthwasalargeBusti.Iwouldoftensitnearawindowandwatchthesightsofthispopulouslittlesettlement.Ilovedtoseethemattheirworkandplayandrest,andintheirmultifariousgoingsandcomings.Tomeitwasalllikealivingstory.

  那时我具有一种丰富的视觉想象力。我把一幅幅单独的画面用我想象的光辉和心灵的欢乐团团围起来;而且,每一幅画也被它本身的哀婉动人涂上各种色彩。像这样单独地区分开每幅画,其乐趣同把它画出来一样,两者都是渴望的产物,渴望用心灵视双目之所见,用眼睛看心灵之所想。

  Afacultyofmany-sightednesspossessedmeatthistime.EachlittleseparatepictureIringedroundwiththelightofmyimaginationandthejoyofmyheart;everyoneofthem,moreover,beingvariouslycolouredbyapathosofitsown.Thepleasureofthusseparatelymarkingoffeachpicturewasmuchthesameasthatofpaintingit,bothbeingtheoutcomeofthedesiretoseewiththemindwhattheeyesees,andwiththeeyewhatthemindimagines.

  如果我是个用画笔的画家,无疑我会努力把我的心灵十分活跃的那个时期的幻象和创造永远记录下来。但画笔不是我能使唤的工具。我有的只是字句和韵律,而且我也没有学会用它们写出力作,颜料常越出界限。可是,就像第一次用画箱的年轻人那样,我整天用我新生青春的色彩缤纷的幻想来涂抹。如果现在用我二十二岁时的眼光来看这些画,即使画面粗糙,色调模糊,仍能看出它们的一些特色。

  HadIbeenapainterwiththebrushIwoulddoubtlesshavetriedtokeepapermanentrecordofthevisionsandcreationsofthatperiodwhenmymindwassoalertlyresponsive.Butthatinstrumentwasnotavailabletome.WhatIhadwasonlywordsandrhythms,andevenwiththeseIhadnotyetlearnttodrawfirmstrokes,andthecolourswentbeyondtheirmargins.Still,likeyoungfolkwiththeirfirstpaintbox,Ispentthelivelongdaypaintingawaywiththemanycolouredfanciesofmynew-bornyouth.Ifthesepicturesarenowviewedinthelightofthattwenty-secondyearofmylife,somefeaturesmaybediscernedeventhroughtheircrudedrawingandblurredcolouring.

  我说过,开始我文学生涯的第一本书在我写完《晨歌》时结束。同样的主题这时用不同的表现形式继续着。我深信,这本书开始的许多页是没有价值的。在安排新的开端的进程中,像多余的序言似的,许多东西得好好考虑。如果它们是树叶的话,它们就会及时地飘落。不幸的是,书页不再需要的时候,却仍然牢牢地粘在一起。这些诗的特征是,即使对细小的事物也密切注意。《画与歌》抓住一切机会表现它们的重要性,用来自内心的感情描绘它们。

  IhavesaidthatthefirstbookofmyliterarylifecametoanendwiththeMorningSongs.Thesamesubjectwasthencontinuedunderadifferentrendering.ManyapageattheoutsetofthisBook,Iamsure,isofnovalue.Intheprocessofmakinganewbeginningmuchinthewayofsuperfluouspreliminaryhastobegonethrough.Hadthesebeenleavesoftreestheywouldhavedulydroppedoff.Unfortunately,leavesofbookscontinuetostickfastevenwhentheyarenolongerwanted.Thefeatureofthesepoemswastheclosenessofattentiondevotedeventotriflingthings.PicturesandSongsseizedeveryopportunityofgivingvaluetothesebycolouringthemwithfeelingsstraightfromtheheart.

  或者,更确切地说,还不是这样。当心弦与天地万物协调的时候,宇宙的歌声时时刻刻都能唤起它的共振。正因为这乐声发自内心,因此,在作家眼里,没有什么东西是细小不足道的了。我眼睛所看到的任何东西都能在我的心里找到响应。正如孩子一样,他们能够玩沙子,玩石头,玩贝壳,或玩他们能到手的任何东西(因为他们心里有游戏的精神),当我们心里充满青春的歌声的时候,我们也能知道宇宙这架竖琴把它各种音调的琴弦伸向四面八方。近在咫尺的事物能像别的东西那样为我们伴奏,没有必要往远处去寻觅。

  Or,rather,thatwasnotit.Whenthestringofthemindisproperlyattunedtotheuniversethenateachpointtheuniversalsongcanawakenitssympatheticvibrations.Itwasbecauseofthismusicrousedwithinthatnothingthenfelttrivialtothewriter.Whatevermyeyesfelluponfoundaresponsewithinme.Likechildrenwhocanplaywithsandorstonesorshellsorwhatevertheycanget(forthespiritofplayiswithinthem),soalsowe,whenfilledwiththesongofyouth,becomeawarethattheharpoftheuniversehasitsvariouslytunedstringseverywherestretched,andthenearestmayserveaswellasanyotherforouraccompaniment,thereisnoneedtoseekafar.

  39一段中间时期

  AnInterveningPeriod

  在《画与歌》和《升号与降号》之间,突然有一种《少年儿童》的儿童杂志出版,它的活动时期不长,像一年生植物。我二嫂觉得孩子们需要一本有插图的杂志。她的意思是,家里的年轻人要替它写稿,但她觉得这还不够,就亲自当它的编辑,请我帮忙,多多写稿。

  BetweenthePicturesandSongsandtheSharpsandFlats,achild’smagazinecalledtheBalakasprangupandendeditsbriefdayslikeanannualplant.Mysecondsister-in-lawfeltthewantofanillustratedmagazineforchildren.Herideawasthattheyoungpeopleofthefamilywouldcontributetoit,butasshefeltthatthatalonewouldnotbeenough,shetookuptheeditorshipherselfandaskedmetohelpwithcontributions.

  《少年儿童》出版一两期后,我去德奥古尔拜望拉杰纳伦先生。回来时火车很挤,我只能找到一张上面的灯没有罩子的卧铺,因此我不能入眠。我想我正好乘机为《少年儿童》想一个故事。不管我怎么努力想抓住它,它还是躲开我,倒是睡眠前来救了我。我在梦里看见一座庙宇的石头台阶上沾满了牺牲的鲜血——一个小女孩和她的父亲站在那里,女孩用怜悯的声音问父亲:“爸爸,这是什么,为什么到处是血?”心里已经感动的父亲,故意装出**的样子使她不再询问。我醒来时觉得我已得到我的故事。我有许多这样得自梦境的故事和作品。我把这段梦的插曲放进蒂佩拉国王戈宾达·马尼克耶的编年史中,用它写成一篇短篇小说《贤哲王》,在《少年儿童》上连载。

  AfteroneortwonumbersoftheBalakahadcomeoutIhappenedtogoonavisittoRajnarayanBabuatDeoghur.OnthereturnjourneythetrainwascrowdedandastherewasanunshadedlightjustovertheonlyberthIcouldget,Icouldnotsleep.IthoughtImightaswelltakethisopportunityofthinkingoutastoryfortheBalaka.Inspiteofmyeffortstogetholdofthestoryiteludedme,butsleepcametotherescueinstead.Isawinadreamthestonestepsofatemplestainedwiththebloodofvictimsofthesacrifice;--alittlegirlstandingtherewithherfatheraskinghiminpiteousaccents:"Father,whatisthis,whyallthisblood?"andthefather,inwardlymoved,tryingwithashowofgruffnesstoquietherquestioning.AsIawokeIfeltIhadgotmystory.Ihavemanymoresuchdream-givenstoriesandotherwritingsaswell.ThisdreamepisodeIworkedintotheannalsofKingGobindaManikyaofTipperahandmadeoutofitalittleserialstory,Rajarshi,fortheBalaka.

  那些日子过得自由自在,无忧无虑。尤其是没有什么事急于通过我的生活或作品表达。在人生的道路上我还没有加入旅行者的一伙,仅是从我的路边窗子里观望的一个看客。我看见很多人为自己的事务匆匆奔走。春季、秋季、雨季不时地自动进来同我相处一阵。但我并不仅仅同季节打交道。有各种各样稀奇古怪的人,他们,像船儿似的漂离停泊的地方,有时就漂到了我的小屋子里来。其中有些人想利用我的缺乏经验想出种种特别的方法以达到自己的目的。其实他们为了使我上当是无须这样煞费苦心的。那时我涉世未深,自己的需要又很少,而且我还没有这点聪明能辨别信仰的好坏。我常想,我把学费资助了这样一些大学生,他们的学费像他们没有读过的书那样多。

  Thoseweredaysofutterfreedomfromcare.Nothinginparticularseemedtobeanxioustoexpressitselfthroughmylifeorwritings.IhadnotyetjoinedthethrongoftravellersonthepathofLife,butwasamerespectatorfrommyroadsidewindow.ManyapersonhiedbyonmanyanerrandasIgazedon,andeverynowandthenSpringorAutumn,ortheRainswouldenterunaskedandstaywithmeforawhile.ButIhadnotonlytodowiththeseasons.Thereweremenofallkindsofcurioustypeswho,floatingaboutlikeboatsadriftfromtheiranchorage,occasionallyinvadedmylittleroom.Someofthemsoughttofurthertheirownends,atthecostofmyinexperience,withmanyanextraordinarydevice.Buttheyneednothavetakenanyextraordinarypainstogetthebetterofme.Iwasthenentirelyunsophisticated,myownwantswerefew,andIwasnotatallcleverindistinguishingbetweengoodandbadfaith.IhaveoftengoneonimaginingthatIwasassistingwiththeirschoolfeesstudentstowhomfeeswereassuperfluousastheirunreadbooks.

  有一次,一个长头发的青年送来一封他虚构的姐姐给我的信,信里她请我保护她这个受继母**的兄弟,继母像她本人一样也是虚构的。这个兄弟实有其人,显然这就够了。但对我来说,那位姐姐的信就像找一个神枪手去打一只不会飞的鸟那样没有必要。

  Oncealong-hairedyouthbroughtmealetterfromanimaginarysisterinwhichsheaskedmetotakeundermyprotectionthisbrotherofherswhowassufferingfromthetyrannyofastepmotherasimaginaryasherself.Thebrotherwasnotimaginary,thatwasevidentenough.Buthissister’sletterwasasunnecessaryformeasexpertmarksmanshiptobringdownabirdwhichcannotfly.

  另一个年轻人来对我说,他一直为能成为文学士而读书,但他现在脑子有病,不能去参加考试了。我为他忧虑,但我对医学或任何科学都一无所知,我不知怎么替他出主意。但他接着说,他在梦里看见我的妻子在前世是他的母亲,若是他能喝点我妻子的脚碰过的水,他就能痊愈。“也许你不信这类事吧。”他最后笑笑说。我说,我信不信没有关系,只要他认为他能痊愈就可以随意喝。说完我给他一小瓶说是由我的妻子的脚碰过的水。他说他觉得好多了。由于进化的自然规律,他从水发展到了固体食物。后来他在我屋子的一隅住下,开始和他的友人举行烟会,最后我不得不从烟雾弥漫的空气中逃走。他无疑逐渐证明,他的脑子可能有病,却肯定并不衰弱。在我仍在相信前生的孩子时,这次事件之后还经历了很多考验。我的名声一定已传扬开去,因为我以后收到一封“女儿”的来信,可是这一次我客气地但却坚定地煞车了。

  AnotheryoungfellowcameandinformedmethathewasstudyingfortheB.A.,butcouldnotgoupforhisexaminationashewasafflictedwithsomebraintrouble.Ifeltconcerned,butbeingfarfromproficientinmedicalscience,orinanyotherscience,Iwasatalosswhatadvicetogivehim.Buthewentontoexplainthathehadseeninadreamthatmywifehadbeenhismotherinaformerbirth,andthatifhecouldbutdrinksomewaterwhichhadtouchedherfeethewouldgetcured."Perhapsyoudon’tbelieveinsuchthings,"heconcludedwithasmile.Mybelief,Isaid,didnotmatter,butifhethoughthecouldgetcured,hewaswelcome,withwhichIprocuredhimaphialofwaterwhichwassupposedtohavetouchedmywife’sfeet.Hefeltimmenselybetter,hesaid.Inthenaturalcourseofevolutionfromwaterhecametosolidfood.Thenhetookuphisquartersinacornerofmyroomandbegantoholdsmokingpartieswithhisfriends,tillIhadtotakerefugeinflightfromthesmokeladenair.Hegraduallyprovedbeyonddoubtthathisbrainmighthavebeendiseased,butitcertainlywasnotweak.AfterthisexperienceittooknoendofproofbeforeIcouldbringmyselftoputmytrustinchildrenofpreviousbirths.MyreputationmusthavespreadforInextreceivedaletterfroma"daughter".Here,however,Igentlybutfirmlydrewtheline.

  整个这段时期,我和斯里什·昌德拉·马祖姆达先生的友谊迅速成熟。每夜他和普里亚先生总到我的小屋子里来,我们讨论文学和音乐直到深夜。有时一整天就这样度过。事实是,我自己还没有塑造、培养成坚定明确的个性,因此我的生命像一片秋天的云彩那样轻舒地飘逝。

  AllthistimemyfriendshipwithBabuSrishChandraMagundarripenedapace.EveryeveningheandPrijaBabuwouldcometothislittleroomofmineandwewoulddiscussliteratureandmusicfarintothenight.Sometimesawholedaywouldbespentinthesameway.Thefactismy_self_hadnotyetbeenmouldedandnourishedintoastronganddefinitepersonalityandsomylifedriftedalongaslightandeasyasanautumncloud.

  

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