第十四章
作者:(战国)庄周 |
字数:19472
40班吉姆·钱德拉
BankimChandra
这时我开始认识班吉姆先生。我第一次看见他已是很久以前的事。那时加尔各答大学的老同学举行年会,昌德拉纳特先生是年会的主要人物。也许他抱着一种希望:在未来的某个时候,我能有资格成为其中的一员;不管怎样,他要我在年会上朗读一首诗。昌德拉纳特先生当时还很年轻。我记得他把一首尚武的德语诗译成英语准备在那天亲自朗诵给我们听。战士诗人对他亲密的佩剑的歌颂有时可能是他心爱的一首诗,这能使读者相信,甚至连昌德拉纳特先生也有过年轻的时候;而且,那些时候的确是不寻常的。
ThiswasthetimewhenmyacquaintancewithBankimBabubegan.Myfirstsightofhimwasamatteroflongbefore.TheoldstudentsofCalcuttaUniversityhadthenstartedanannualreunion,ofwhichBabuChandranathBasuwastheleadingspirit.PerhapsheentertainedahopethatatsomefuturetimeImightacquiretherighttobeoneofthem;anyhowIwasaskedtoreadapoemontheoccasion.ChandranathBabuwasthenquiteayoungman.IrememberhehadtranslatedsomemartialGermanpoemintoEnglishwhichheproposedtorecitehimselfontheday,andcametorehearseittousfullofenthusiasm.Thatawarriorpoet’sodetohisbelovedswordshouldatonetimehavebeenhisfavouritepoemwillconvincethereaderthatevenChandranathBabuwasonceyoung;andmoreoverthatthosetimeswereindeedpeculiar.
我在大学生年会拥挤的人群中徘徊的时候,忽然看见一位在任何人群中都会被人注意的与众不同的人物,立刻感到惊讶。他魁伟白皙的容貌发出一种很惊人的光辉,我不禁急于想知道他——他是那天唯一的一个我想知道姓名的人。当我知道他就是班吉姆先生时,我更惊讶了。我觉得他的外貌和他的作品一样地卓越不凡,真是非常奇怪的巧合。他的尖尖的鹰钩鼻,他的紧闭的嘴唇,他的锐利的目光,都表示他有无限的力量。他高出于拥挤的人群,两手交叉在胸前,旁若无人地走动的样子——更使我对他感到惊异。他不仅像一个智力的巨人,他的额上还有真正王子的印记。这次会上出现的一件小事一直深印在我的心里。一位潘笛特在一间屋子里朗诵他自己用梵文写的诗,并用孟加拉文向听众解释。有一个典故不十分粗鲁,却有点庸俗。当这位潘笛特对它进行解释的时候,班吉姆先生双手捂着脸,匆匆离开屋子。我正站在门边,至今我仍能看见他蜷缩着身子退走的样子。
WhilewanderingaboutinthecrushattheStudents’reunion,Isuddenlycameacrossafigurewhichatoncestruckmeasdistinguishedbeyondthatofalltheothersandwhocouldnothavepossiblybeenlostinanycrowd.ThefeaturesofthattallfairpersonageshonewithsuchastrikingradiancethatIcouldnotcontainmycuriosityabouthim--hewastheonlyonetherewhosenameIfeltconcernedtoknowthatday.WhenIlearnthewasBankimBabuImarvelledallthemore,itseemedtomesuchawonderfulcoincidencethathisappearanceshouldbeasdistinguishedashiswritings.Hissharpaquilinenose,hiscompressedlips,andhiskeenglanceallbetokenedimmensepower.Withhisarmsfoldedacrosshisbreastheseemedtowalkasoneapart,toweringabovetheordinarythrong--thisiswhatstruckmemostabouthim.Notonlythathelookedanintellectualgiant,buthehadonhisforeheadthemarkofatrueprinceamongmen.Onelittleincidentwhichoccurredatthisgatheringremainsindeliblyimpressedonmymind.InoneoftheroomsaPanditwasrecitingsomeSanskritversesofhisowncompositionandexplainingtheminBengalitotheaudience.Oneoftheallusionswasnotexactlycoarse,butsomewhatvulgar.AsthePanditwasproceedingtoexpoundthisBankimBabu,coveringhisfacewithhishands,hurriedoutoftheroom.Iwasnearthedoorandcanstillseebeforemethatshrinking,retreatingfigure.
这次会议后我常想见到他,但总没有机会。终于有一天,他那时在豪拉当代理法官,我斗胆去拜望他。我们会面了,我尽力谈话得体。但我回到家里的时候不知为何总觉得很羞愧,仿佛我这种未被邀请不经介绍贸然前去看他,像个不懂礼貌的唐突的年轻人。
AfterthatIoftenlongedtoseehim,butcouldnotgetanopportunity.Atlastoneday,whenhewasDeputyMagistrateofHawrah,Imadeboldtocallonhim.Wemet,andItriedmybesttomakeconversation.ButIsomehowfeltgreatlyabashedwhilereturninghome,asifIhadactedlikearawandbumptiousyouthinthusthrustingmyselfuponhimunaskedandunintroduced.
后来我大了几岁的时候,获得了当代最年轻的作家的身份;但根据我的成就我将处在什么地位,当时尚并未确定。我所得到的声望是掺杂许多问题的,甚至有不少姑息宽容的成分。孟加拉当时时兴给每个文人一个与西方某作家相类似的地位。于是,这个是孟加拉的拜伦,那个是爱默生等等。有人称我为孟加拉的雪莱。这是对雪莱的侮辱,反而很可能使我成为笑柄。
Shortlyafter,asIaddedtomyyears,Iattainedaplaceastheyoungestoftheliterarymenofthetime;butwhatwastobemypositioninorderofmeritwasnoteventhensettled.ThelittlereputationIhadacquiredwasmixedwithplentyofdoubtandnotalittleofcondescension.ItwasthenthefashioninBengaltoassigneachmanoflettersaplaceincomparisonwithasupposedcompeerintheWest.ThusonewastheByronofBengal,anothertheEmersonandsoforth.IbegantobestyledbysometheBengalShelley.ThiswasinsultingtoShelleyandonlylikelytogetmelaughedat.
我的公认的绰号是大舌头诗人。我的成就很小,生活知识贫乏,在我的诗歌和散文中,感情超过了内容。因此诗文中没有什么可使人们大胆颂扬的东西。我的服装和举止都同样反常。我蓄着长发,可能一味追求像个标准的诗人。总之,我行动古怪,不能像普通人似的适应日常生活。
MyrecognisedcognomenwastheLispingPoet.Myattainmentswerefew,myknowledgeoflifemeagre,andbothinmypoetryandmyprosethesentimentexceededthesubstance.Sothattherewasnothingthereonwhichanyonecouldhavebasedhispraisewithanydegreeofconfidence.Mydressandbehaviourwereofthesameanomalousdescription.Iworemyhairlongandindulgedprobablyinanultra-poeticalrefinementofmanner.InawordIwaseccentricandcouldnotfitmyselfintoeverydaylifeliketheordinaryman.
这时阿克谢·萨卡先生已开始出版《新生》月刊,我有时向它投稿。班吉姆先生刚停办他编辑的《孟加拉大观》,正忙于宗教性的讨论,为此他开始出版《传道士》月刊。我也给它写过一两首歌曲和一篇热情称道毗湿奴派抒情诗的论文。
AtthistimeBabuAkshaySarkarhadstartedhismonthlyreview,theNabajiban(NewLife),towhichIusedoccasionallytocontribute.BankimBabuhadjustclosedthechapterofhiseditorshipoftheBangaDarsan(theMirrorofBengal),andwasbusywithreligiousdiscussionsforwhichpurposehehadstartedthemonthly,Prachar(thePreacher).TothisalsoIcontributedasongortwoandaneffusiveappreciationofVaishnavalyrics.
我现在开始经常见到班吉姆先生了。他那时住在巴巴尼·杜德住的那条街上。不错,我常去看他,但我们谈话不多。那时我还是倾听而不是说话的年龄。我热烈希望我们能进行一次讨论,但我缺乏自信的感觉压倒了我想谈话的动力。有几次桑吉布[班吉姆先生的弟弟。
]先生在那里,他斜倚在靠枕上。见到他使我高兴,因为他是个和蔼的人。他喜欢说话,听他说话也使人高兴。读过他的散文的人一定会注意到,他的散文像流水一样欢乐轻快,就像他的十分活泼的谈话。具有这种谈话才能的人很少,而具有把它写成文字这种艺术的人就更少了。
FromnowIbeganconstantlytomeetBankimBabu.HewasthenlivinginBhabaniDutt’sstreet.Iusedtovisithimfrequently,itistrue,buttherewasnotmuchofconversation.Iwasthenoftheagetolisten,nottotalk.Iferventlywishedwecouldwarmupintosomediscussion,butmydiffidencegotthebetterofmyconversationalpowers.SomedaysSanjibBabuwouldbethererecliningonhisbolster.Thesightwouldgladdenme,forhewasagenialsoul.Hedelightedintalkinganditwasadelighttolistentohistalk.Thosewhohavereadhisprosewritingmusthavenoticedhowgailyandairilyitflowsonlikethesprightliestofconversation.Veryfewhavethisgiftofconversation,andfewerstilltheartoftranslatingitintowriting.
这时正是潘笛特萨沙达尔出名的时候。我是从班吉姆先生那里第一次听到他的。如果我没有记错,他也是班吉姆先生负责介绍给大家的。正统印度教徒想借西方科学的力量以恢复印度教威信的古怪企图不久遍及全国。通神学前些时候已为这一运动打下了基础。班吉姆先生从未完全参与这一教派。在《传道土》上发表的他的解释印度教教义的文章里,也看不出有萨沙达尔的影子——这是不可能的。
ThiswasthetimewhenPanditSashadharroseintoprominence.OfhimIfirstheardfromBankimBabu.IfIrememberrightBankimBabuwasalsoresponsibleforintroducinghimtothepublic.ThecuriousattemptmadebyHinduorthodoxytoreviveitsprestigewiththehelpofwesternsciencesoonspreadalloverthecountry.Theosophyforsometimepreviouslyhadbeenpreparingthegroundforsuchamovement.NotthatBankimBabueventhoroughlyidentifiedhimselfwiththiscult.NoshadowofSashadharwascastonhisexpositionofHinduismasitfoundexpressioninthePrachar--thatwasimpossible.
这时我从我蛰居的一隅走到外面,这可以从我为这场争论写的稿子里看出来。其中有些是讽刺诗,有些是滑稽剧,还有一些给报纸的信。我就这样从感情的领域下到斗技场上,开始直接地认真地战斗起来。
Iwasthencomingoutoftheseclusionofmycornerasmycontributionstothesecontroversieswillshow.Someoftheseweresatiricalverses,somefarcicalplays,othersletterstonewspapers.Ithuscamedownintothearenafromtheregionsofsentimentandbegantosparinrightearnest.
在战斗最激烈的时候,我不巧和班吉姆先生起了冲突。这场冲突的经过记载在当时的《传道土》和《婆罗蒂》上,没有必要在这儿重复。结束这场不和时,班吉姆先生给我写了一封信。不幸我把信丢了。要是这信能在这里展示,读者就可以看到,班吉姆先生是如何无比大度地拔掉这段不幸插曲的刺。
IntheheatofthefightIhappenedtofallfoulofBankimBabu.ThehistoryofthisremainsrecordedinthePracharandBharatiofthosedaysandneednotberepeatedhere.AtthecloseofthisperiodofantagonismBankimBabuwrotemealetterwhichIhaveunfortunatelylost.HaditbeenherethereadercouldhaveseenwithwhatconsummategenerosityBankimBabuhadtakenthestingoutofthatunfortunateepisode.
41废船
TheSteamerHulk
受了一张报纸广告的引诱,我哥哥乔提任德拉一天下午到拍卖行去,回来时告诉我们,他花七千卢比买了一艘废船;现在只要装配一台发动机和几间舱房,它就是一艘完美无缺的轮船了。
LuredbyanadvertisementinsomepapermybrotherJyotirindrawentoffoneafternoontoanauctionsale,andonhisreturninformedusthathehadboughtasteelhulkforseventhousandrupees;allthatnowremainedbeingtoputinanengineandsomecabinsforittobecomeafull-fledgedsteamer.
哥哥一定以为,我们的同胞只会使用舌头和笔,却连一家轮船公司都没有,真是莫大的耻辱。我前面说过,他曾经企图为国家制造火柴,但没有能使火柴划着的磨擦材料。他也想使动力织机运转,但在他的种种艰苦努力之后,织机只生产了一小块土里土气的毛巾就停止转动。现在他想看到印度的轮船在水里行驶,就买下一条空旧的废船,这条船在一定时间内装配完备,不仅添置了发动机和舱房,还要加上他的损失和破产。
Mybrothermusthavethoughtitagreatshamethatourcountrymenshouldhavetheirtonguesandpensgoing,butnotasinglelineofsteamers.AsIhavenarratedbefore,hehadtriedtolightmatchesforhiscountry,butnoamountofrubbingavailedtomakethemstrike.Hehadalsowantedpower-loomstowork,butafterallhistravailonlyonelittlecountrytowelwasborn,andthentheloomstopped.AndnowthathewantedIndiansteamerstoply,heboughtanemptyoldhulk,whichinduecourse,wasfilled,notonlywithenginesandcabins,butwithlossandruinaswell.
但我们应该记住。由于他的努力而招致的一切损失和苦难,落在他一人身上,而获得的经验却留给全国。正是这些不会计算、不善经营的人物才使国家的商业园地充满他们的活动。
Andyetweshouldrememberthatallthelossandhardshipduetohisendeavoursfellonhimalone,whilethegainofexperienceremainedinreserveforthewholecountry.Itistheseuncalculating,unbusinesslikespiritswhokeepthebusiness-fieldsofthecountryfloodedwiththeiractivities.
虽然潮水的落和它的涨一样快,它却留下肥沃淤泥使土地增多了养分。当收获季节到来的时候,没有人再想到这些拓荒者。但这些在活着时心甘情愿地以他们的一切作为赌注而损失的人,不会在死后去关注这种被忘却的又一损失。
And,thoughthefloodsubsidesasrapidlyasitcomes,itleavesbehindfertilisingsilttoenrichthesoil.Whenthetimeforreapingarrivesnoonethinksofthesepioneers;butthosewhohavecheerfullystakedandlosttheirall,duringlife,arenotlikely,afterdeath,tomindthisfurtherlossofbeingforgotten.
一边是欧洲轮船公司,一边是哥哥乔提任德拉一个人;这场商业船队的战争如何可怕地扩大,库尔纳和巴里萨尔两地居民至今记忆犹新。在竞争的压力下,轮船一艘艘增加,亏损越来越大,而收入却逐渐减少,终于到了连印船票都不合算了。库尔纳和巴里萨尔间的轮船交通的黄金时代出现了。乘客不仅坐船不用花钱,还免费享受格拉蒂[一种甜点心。
],成立了一队志愿军,他们举着旗,唱着爱国歌曲,使乘客列队走向印度轮船公司。因此,尽管乘客并不缺乏,其他各种缺乏却迅速增加。
OnonesidewastheEuropeanFlotillaCompany,ontheothermybrotherJyotirindraalone;andhowtremendouswaxedthatbattleofthemercantilefleets,thepeopleofKhulnaandBarisalmaystillremember.Underthestressofcompetitionsteamerwasaddedtosteamer,losspiledonloss,whiletheincomedwindledtillitceasedtobeworthwhiletoprinttickets.ThegoldenagedawnedonthesteamerservicebetweenKhulnaandBarisal.Notonlywerethepassengerscarriedfreeofcharge,buttheywereofferedlightrefreshmentsgratisaswell!Thenwasformedabandofvolunteerswho,withflagsandpatrioticsongs,marchedthepassengersinprocessiontotheIndianlineofsteamers.Sowhiletherewasnowantofpassengerstocarry,everyotherkindofwantbegantomultiplyapace.
爱国的热情是永远不能影响数学的;当狂热的火焰随着爱国歌曲的调子越燃越高的时候,在资产负债表上的亏损栏里,三乘三永远还是九。
Arithmeticremaineduninfluencedbypatrioticfervour;andwhileenthusiasmflamedhigherandhighertothetuneofpatrioticsongs,threetimesthreewentonsteadilymakingnineonthewrongsideofthebalancesheet.
不会经营的人常常被一种不幸纠缠着,也就是说,他们自己像一本打开的书那样容易让人看得清楚,但却从不学习去懂得别人的品质。而要明白自己的这个弱点,就要花费他们一生的时间和所有的财力。因此,经验决不会使他们有得益的机会。当乘客有免费的茶点,工作人员也没有挨饿的迹象时,哥哥的最大收获仍然是破产,但他却十分勇敢地从容对付。
Oneofthemisfortuneswhichalwayspursuestheunbusinesslikeisthat,whiletheyareaseasytoreadasanopenbook,theyneverlearntoreadthecharacterofothers.Andsinceittakesthemthewholeoftheirlifetimeandalltheirresourcestofindoutthisweaknessoftheirs,theynevergetthechanceofprofitingbyexperience.Whilethepassengerswerehavingfreerefreshments,thestaffshowednosignsofbeingstarvedeither,butneverthelessthegreatestgainremainedwithmybrotherintheruinhesovaliantlyfaced.
每天来自战场的胜败战报使我们处于极为兴奋的状态。终于有一天传来消息,“斯瓦德什”号轮船撞在豪拉桥上沉没了。这一最后损失完全超出哥哥的财产所能承受的限度,没有别的办法,只好停止经营。
Thedailybulletinsofvictoryordisasterwhichusedtoarrivefromthetheatreofactionkeptusinafeverofexcitement.Thenonedaycamethenewsthatthesteamer_Swadeshi_hadfouledtheHowrahbridgeandsunk.Withthislastlossmybrothercompletelyoversteppedthelimitsofhisresources,andtherewasnothingforitbuttowindupthebusiness.
42亲人死亡
Bereavements
这时死神出现在我们的家里。以前我还从未与死神迎面相遇过。我母亲死的时候,我还很小。她病了很久,我们甚至不知道她是什么时候转为不治之症的。她一直同我们住在一间屋子里,她单独睡一张床。后来在她生病期间,要她坐船在河上旅行了一次,回来时,为她在内院三楼准备了一间屋子。
Inthemeantimedeathmadeitsappearanceinourfamily.Beforethis,IhadnevermetDeathfacetoface.WhenmymotherdiedIwasquiteachild.Shehadbeenailingforquitealongtime,andwedidnotevenknowwhenhermaladyhadtakenafatalturn.Sheusedallalongtosleeponaseparatebedinthesameroomwithus.Theninthecourseofherillnessshewastakenforaboattripontheriver,andonherreturnaroomonthethirdstoreyoftheinnerapartmentswassetapartforher.
她死去的那个晚上,我们在楼下自己的屋子里睡得很熟。我说不出是什么时候,我们的老保姆哭着跑来叫着说:“啊唷,我的小家伙啊,你们一切都完了!”我的嫂嫂呵责她,把她带走,不让我们在深夜突然受惊。她的话使我从熟睡中醒来,我觉得我的心发沉,但不明白发生了什么事。早晨我们被告知她死了时,我还不明白她的死对我意味着什么。
Onthenightshediedwewerefastasleepinourroomdownstairs.AtwhathourIcannottell,ouroldnursecamerunninginweepingandcrying:"Omylittleones,youhavelostyourall!"Mysister-in-lawrebukedherandledheraway,tosaveusthesuddenshockatdeadofnight.Halfawakenedbyherwords,Ifeltmyheartsinkwithinme,butcouldnotmakeoutwhathadhappened.Wheninthemorningweweretoldofherdeath,Icouldnotrealizeallthatitmeantforme.
我们走出屋子到走廊上时,看见母亲被放在庭院里一张床上。从她的脸上看不出一点死亡的可怖。死神在那天晨光中给人的印象,犹如安谧平静的睡眠一样可爱。生与死的悬殊我们还没有清楚地理解。
Aswecameoutintotheverandahwesawmymotherlaidonabedsteadinthecourtyard.Therewasnothinginherappearancewhichshoweddeathtobeterrible.Theaspectwhichdeathworeinthatmorninglightwasaslovelyasacalmandpeacefulsleep,andthegulfbetweenlifeanditsabsencewasnotbroughthometous.
直到她的尸体被抬出大门,我们随着行列前往火葬场,想到母亲再也不会从这道门回来,重新像往常那样处理家务的时候,我心里才掠过一阵悲痛。白天消逝,我们从火葬场回来,走进我们那条胡同,这时我抬头看看我们家三楼上父亲住的那间屋子。他仍然在前面走廊上静坐祈祷。
Onlywhenherbodywastakenoutbythemaingateway,andwefollowedtheprocessiontothecremationground,didastormofgriefpassthroughmeatthethoughtthatmotherwouldneverreturnbythisdoorandtakeagainheraccustomedplaceintheaffairsofherhousehold.Thedayworeon,wereturnedfromthecremation,andasweturnedintoourlaneIlookedupatthehousetowardsmyfather’sroomsonthethirdstorey.Hewasstillinthefrontverandahsittingmotionlessinprayer.
家里最小的嫂嫂照管我们这些失去母亲的小家伙。她亲自照料我们的饮食衣著以及其他一切需要,常常接近我们,好让我们不太强烈地感到损失。生活的特性之一是有力量医治不可挽救的损失,忘却无法补偿的东西。而在生命的早期,这力量最强烈,因此,任何打击不会伤人太深,任何创伤也不会永远留在心里。因而死神落在我们头上的第一个阴影并没有留下黑暗;它只是像影子一样,悄悄地来,又悄悄地离去。
Shewhowastheyoungestdaughter-in-lawofthehousetookchargeofthemotherlesslittleones.Sheherselfsawtoourfoodandclothingandallotherwants,andkeptusconstantlynear,sothatwemightnotfeelourlosstookeenly.Oneofthecharacteristicsofthelivingisthepowertohealtheirreparable,toforgettheirreplaceable.Andinearlylifethispowerisstrongest,sothatnoblowpenetratestoodeeply,noscarisleftpermanently.Thusthefirstshadowofdeathwhichfellonusleftnodarknessbehind;itdepartedassoftlyasitcame,onlyashadow.
在我生命稍后的时期,春天刚来的时候,我把一把半开的茉莉花扎在头巾的一角,像野猫一样到处漫游,这时候,当我的面额触及那柔软的圆圆的顶端渐渐尖细的花蕾时,我回忆起母亲手指的触摸,于是我清楚地意识到,逗留在那些可爱的指尖上的温柔,恰如这每天开放的纯洁的茉莉花蕾一样。不管我们知不知道这一点,这种温柔在大地上是无限量的。
When,inlaterlife,Iwanderedaboutlikeamadcap,atthefirstcomingofspring,withahandfulofhalf-blownjessaminestiedinacornerofmymuslinscarf,andasIstrokedmyforeheadwiththesoft,rounded,taperingbuds,thetouchofmymother’sfingerswouldcomebacktome;andIclearlyrealisedthatthetendernesswhichdweltinthetipsofthoselovelyfingerswastheverysameasthatwhichblossomseverydayinthepurityofthesejessaminebuds;andthatwhetherweknowitornot,thistendernessisontheearthinboundlessmeasure.
在二十四岁那年,我和死神的相识历久难忘[指作者五嫂伽登帕莉?代维的死。作者对她十分敬爱,因为作者母亲死后就是由她照料的一切。
]。它的打击随着每一次丧事而不断加重。泪链也不断地延长,童年生活的轻快能从最大的不幸中溜走,但成年人想逃避不幸却不那么容易,我的心只有完全承受那一天的打击。
TheacquaintancewhichImadewithDeathattheageoftwenty-fourwasapermanentone,anditsblowhascontinuedtoadditselftoeachsucceedingbereavementinaneverlengtheningchainoftears.Thelightnessofinfantlifecanskipasidefromthegreatestofcalamities,butwithageevasionisnotsoeasy,andtheshockofthatdayIhadtotakefullonmybreast.
我还没有想过,在生活的悲欢的完整行列中会出现裂隙。因此我看不见未来的东西,我所接受的目前的生活就是我的一切的一切。当死神突然走来,一瞬间在它似乎绝佳的构造中露出一个豁口时,我完全不知所措了。周围的一切:树木、流水、日月星辰,依然像先前那样真实;但那个确确实实存在的人,那个在各方面都同我的生活与身心有联系,对我来说更为真实的人,转眼之间却像一个梦一样消逝了。当我环顾四周的时候,我觉得这一切是多么难以理解、自相矛盾啊!我到底怎么才能使这种存在与消失相协调呢?
ThattherecouldbeanygapintheunbrokenprocessionofthejoysandsorrowsoflifewasathingIhadnoideaof.Icouldthereforeseenothingbeyond,andthislifeIhadacceptedasallinall.Whenofasuddendeathcameandinamomentmadeagapingrentinitssmooth-seemingfabric,Iwasutterlybewildered.Allaround,thetrees,thesoil,thewater,thesun,themoon,thestars,remainedasimmovablytrueasbefore;andyetthepersonwhowasastrulythere,who,throughathousandpointsofcontactwithlife,mind,andheart,waseversomuchmoretrueforme,hadvanishedinamomentlikeadream.Whatperplexingself-contradictionitallseemedtomeasIlookedaround!HowwasIevertoreconcilethatwhichremainedwiththatwhichhadgone?
虽然时间不停地过去,这个豁口对我显露的可怖黑暗却继续日夜吸引着我。我不时回来站在那里向它凝视,想知道在那离去的地方还留下了什么。我们不能使自己相信空虚,不存在的东西是不真实的;而虚假的东西是不存在的。因此我们想在看不见什么东西的地方去寻找什么的努力是不会停止的。
Theterribledarknesswhichwasdisclosedtomethroughthisrent,continuedtoattractmenightanddayastimewenton.Iwouldeverandanonreturntotakemystandthereandgazeuponit,wonderingwhattherewasleftinplaceofwhathadgone.Emptinessisathingmancannotbringhimselftobelievein;thatwhichisnot,isuntrue;thatwhichisuntrue,isnot.Sooureffortstofindsomething,whereweseenothing,areunceasing.
像一株被黑暗包围的幼小植物踮着脚摸索着伸向光明一样,当死神突然之间把否定的黑暗投在我心灵的周围时,我也尽力要伸向肯定的光明。在黑暗阻止我们寻找道路走出黑暗时,有哪种悲痛能与之相比呢?
Justasayoungplant,surroundedbydarkness,stretchesitself,asitwereontiptoe,tofinditswayoutintothelight,sowhendeathsuddenlythrowsthedarknessofnegationroundthesoulittriesandtriestoriseintothelightofaffirmation.Andwhatothersorrowiscomparabletothestatewhereindarknesspreventsthefindingofawayoutofthedarkness?
但是在这不堪忍受的悲伤之中,欢乐的火花似乎不时地在我心里闪烁,在某种程度上,这使我很惊奇。生命并非坚固永久的东西,它本身就是一个悲讯,这使我沉重的心情有所减轻。我们不是永远囚在生活的牢固石墙里的犯人,这想法总是不知不觉地在快乐的急流中最先出现。我不得不放弃我所拥有的东西——这是使我苦恼的损失感,但当我同时用获得的解放的观点来看,我心里就觉得很宁静了。
Andyetinthemidstofthisunbearablegrief,flashesofjoyseemedtosparkleinmymind,nowandagain,inawaywhichquitesurprisedme.Thatlifewasnotastablepermanentfixturewasitselfthesorrowfultidingswhichhelpedtolightenmymind.Thatwewerenotprisonersforeverwithinasolidstonewalloflifewasthethoughtwhichunconsciouslykeptcominguppermostinrushesofgladness.ThatwhichIhadheldIwasmadetoletgo--thiswasthesenseoflosswhichdistressedme,--butwhenatthesamemomentIvieweditfromthestandpointoffreedomgained,agreatpeacefelluponme.
到处弥漫的人世间生存的压力以生死的均衡使自己保持平稳,因此才没有把我们压垮。不可反抗的生命力的可怕重量不是我们必须忍受的——这一真理那天像奇妙的上天的启示那样突然在我心里出现。
Theall-pervadingpressureofworldlyexistencecompensatesitselfbybalancinglifeagainstdeath,andthusitdoesnotcrushus.Theterribleweightofanunopposedlifeforcehasnottobeenduredbyman,--thistruthcameuponmethatdayasasudden,wonderfulrevelation.
由于对人世生活的吸引力的淡漠,自然美对我有了更深的意义。死神给了我正确观察事物相互关系的能力,使我得以理解世界在它的极美中的情况,因此当我看见以死神为背景的宇宙之画时,我感到了它的魅力。
Withthelooseningoftheattractionoftheworld,thebeautyofnaturetookonformeadeepermeaning.Deathhadgivenmethecorrectperspectivefromwhichtoperceivetheworldinthefulnessofitsbeauty,andasIsawthepictureoftheUniverseagainstthebackgroundofDeathIfounditentrancing.
这时,我思想上行动上的古怪疾病又发作了。要我服从当时的风气,仿佛它们是严肃纯真的重要东西,不禁使我好笑。我不能认真接受。停下来考虑一下别人会怎么看我,我心里完全没有这种负担。我常上身披一条粗布床单,脚上穿一双拖鞋,去上流社会人物常去的书店。不论天气冷热或是否下雨,我总是睡在三楼的凉台上。在那里,星星和我可以彼此凝视,也不会失去欢迎曙光的时间。
AtthistimeIwasattackedwitharecrudescenceofeccentricityinthoughtandbehaviour.Tobecalledupontosubmittothecustomsandfashionsoftheday,asiftheyweresomethingsoberlyandgenuinelyreal,mademewanttolaugh.Icouldnottakethemseriously.Theburdenofstoppingtoconsiderwhatotherpeoplemightthinkofmewascompletelyliftedoffmymind.Ihavebeenaboutinfashionablebookshopswithacoarsesheetdrapedroundmeasmyonlyuppergarment,andapairofslippersonmybarefeet.ThroughhotandcoldandwetIusedtosleepoutontheverandahofthethirdstorey.TherethestarsandIcouldgazeateachother,andnotimewaslostingreetingthedawn.
这种情况和任何苦行的想法无关。它更像是一种假日的狂欢。因为我发现拿着笞杖的教师生活并不是真实的,因而就从不足道的校规中解放出来了。如果我们在一天晴朗的早晨醒来,觉察地心吸力减少到了一点儿,难道我们还会拘谨地在公路上行走?我们不会变更一下,从多层的高楼上跳跃而过?或在遇到纪念物的时候,不必麻烦地绕行,就从它上面飞过去吗?这就是一旦世俗生活的重担不再妨碍我两腿的时候,我再也不能固守习俗的通常程序了。在夜的黑暗中,我独自一人在凉台上摸索着,像一个瞎子似的想在死神的黑色石门上找到一个图案或记号。当曙光落在我那张挂帐子的床上使我醒来睁开眼睛时,我觉得四周的云雾散开了;雾霭消失,山河林木的景色历历在目,于是露水湿润的人世生活的图画在我面前展开,仿佛变成新的,十分美丽。
Thisphasehadnothingtodowithanyasceticfeeling.ItwasmorelikeaholidayspreeastheresultofdiscoveringtheschoolmasterLifewithhiscanetobeamyth,andtherebybeingabletoshakemyselffreefromthepettyrulesofhisschool.If,onwakingonefinemorningweweretofindgravitationreducedtoonlyafractionofitself,wouldwestilldemurelywalkalongthehighroad?Wouldwenotratherskipovermany-storiedhousesforachange,oronencounteringthemonumenttakeaflyingjump,ratherthantroubletowalkroundit?Thatwaswhy,withtheweightofworldlylifenolongercloggingmyfeet,Icouldnotsticktotheusualcourseofconvention.AloneontheterraceinthedarknessofnightIgropedalloverlikeablindmantryingtofindupontheblackstonegateofdeathsomedeviceorsign.ThenwhenIwokewiththemorninglightfallingonthatunscreenedbedofmine,Ifelt,asIopenedmyeyes,thatmyenvelopinghazewasbecomingtransparent;and,asontheclearingofthemistthehillsandriversandforestsofthesceneshineforth,sothedew-washedpictureoftheworld-life,spreadoutbeforeme,seemedtobecomerenewedandeversobeautiful.